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иƂ俼h

l(f)rg:2017-08-17 ݋:younian

1“иxҪxȫĆ?”

ETSƬThe Life of An ItemV҂һx헵OӋֹ“__e`e`”߀Ҫ_“all the passage is covered by items”xxȫģΰÿһx?

2“Wgиɿ?”

иԇxӢZZԜyԇԓעڜyԇW“Z”⿼쿼“Wg֪R”ԓ}ETSаl(f)F.RobinشfиҲCriterion-Referenced|@ɱʹÌWgõČWڿԇռЃ(yu)ݡ

3PIʲô?

ETSuB.SuomiŮʿ˼Ļشdeveloping your ideaҲLJ@^c(})Mжչ_Ȼǰǵ^c_ӢZ

4ʲôǿԇеy}?

ETSuB.SuomiŮʿJA difficult item requires sophisticated reasoning or understanding of a high level concept, not because it tests obscure or esoteric matter.

5ܲx?

“иxµLȱc}Ŀƥ”@x}ĿOӋԭtˣ“xŸoUԒ”mETSxԇҪˈDxҪ܉xȫIJ}PϢЩͬWf“MxǴ_xôk?” ETSB.SuomiŮʿĽhȻŬx£keep reading, keep practicing.

6֔Ҫ?

ETSuJ.Bardشǿ϶x}Ҳܿ錑ǿ鲻productivityֻʹ^}ʽܿWλrgȵĮa@ҲZҪwFˣ|֔ͬҪZͬ

SadekŮʿf֔Խ෸eĿԾԽŶ!300DZ^ǡһƪ²ڌ˶չ_ՓC}Ŀ(Topic development is the most important issue here.) ͬrеfNo memorized language! ҪģŶ!

7“h۷ֆ”?

ETSŮ醾팣KimfǵhǞ醾ĹƽhĴ}oµϼ醾õijɿпܸڵڻԭгɿXؔһhLUX֔

8ܶͬW˛_֣ķ^ƫ}y}ό?

Ҫ^(q)eETS}Federic Robin_fIf we intend for an item to be difficult, we make certain that it is difficult because it requires sophisticated reasoning or understanding of a high-level concept, not because it tests obscure or esoteric matter.Ҳf@y}߉݋s߸(zhn)@ǿԽܵr;@Щy}ݻޝWҊô@N}һ҂ҪԵIJ

9ɷ^ؼų“O~R”x?

ԣٷڳ}ĕrѽx@Щ~oYxFederekf“Distracters(wrong options) should not include specific determiners(“always”/“never”)”.

10΁ÿһx}?

x}ĵһxǽ^܃HHMڵһ, һҪŪÿ_x_ԭͬrÿһe`xe`ԭETS}AshmoreV҂}ĕr@ôģᘌÿһ}һҪѴ𰸵ԭضx_

• Articulate why each distracter(wrong option) is wrong

• Consider whether you could defend the key(right option) to an examinee.

11(ji)}DzһҪļ(ji)?Щ߅߅߅ǵļ(ji)ɲܕ?

ETSنTJefffÿһ}ĿOӋĕr}߶ԼDoes the item measure something worth measuring, or is it trivial and unimportant?OӋFЎׂɆTxtĕ@}Ŀڳ}ĕrҲO_xlength, complexity,or diction stand out.

12Z@NsubjectiveĿԇƽ?

1).ÿһZresponseǶһrater(Œ,ETSvf17350raters......)ĵDZSCķֽoͬratersģ@ӾͿԴpͬһraterɶӰijһ˵ķ֔MCƽ

2).ZģǴ_е.v˷һοпZdz˜ҲdzǾ܇AԒmڶ}ĿĴ]Ќ|ݣıٽo˺ܵ͵ķ֔

13Zԇе¼?

ٸV҂ஔtest takersڿZԇĕrfI hate ETS.You make my life miserable.I am so mad about you. ж@ӵtest takersrٟoεЦЦfmore than you could expect.

؟•վϢԴھWjDddzڂfϢ֮Ŀζٝͬ^cCݵ挍CϢĺԡʴ_ԺҲϢIJʴ_z©µκΓpʧpГ؟WվϢH׺ͷյĸʹñWYϰl(f)ƫվŲؓ؟಻ؓκη؟CKጙ

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