中級(jí)會(huì)計(jì)師《財(cái)務(wù)管理》綜合題練習(xí)
Everyone has a huge personal goal they want to accomplish--a big, challenging, amazing goal. They think about it, dream about it, obsess about it... but they never accomplish it.
每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想達(dá)成的個(gè)人目標(biāo)——一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)大的、具有挑戰(zhàn)性的、驚人的目標(biāo)。他們對(duì)此朝思暮想、輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)、為之入迷……但是，他們從來(lái)都未能達(dá)成這個(gè)目標(biāo)。
That could be because they also talk about it.
這也許是因?yàn)樗麄兛偸窃谡務(wù)撟约旱哪繕?biāo)。
According to studies like this one, people who talk about their intentions are less likely to follow through on those intentions.
研究表示，那些總是談?wù)撟约合敕ǖ娜烁蝗菀综`行這些想法。
Say you want to thru-hike the Appalachian Trail, a grueling five- to seven-month trek from Georgia to Maine.
假設(shè)你想去阿巴拉契亞山道遠(yuǎn)足，這是一段長(zhǎng)達(dá)5到7個(gè)月，從喬治亞州到緬因州的長(zhǎng)途旅程。
You're having dinner with friends, and you tell them about it.
你和朋友吃飯時(shí)，告訴了他們這個(gè)想法。
"Oh, wow!" one exclaims. "That sounds amazing. But won't it be super hard?"
“哇哦！”一位朋友驚呼，“聽(tīng)上去太棒了！但一定會(huì)非常困難吧？”
Indeed it will, you say, and you share what you know about tent sites, shelters, too-occasional showers, and the cool trail name you'll get.
當(dāng)然是的，你說(shuō)，然后你又分享了一些你知道的有關(guān)駐扎帳篷、庇護(hù)所、時(shí)不時(shí)遇到的陣雨以及那些你將經(jīng)過(guò)的很酷的路線名字的信息。
It's fun. It feels awesome to bask in the glow of people who admire you for wanting to take on such a huge challenge.
那很有趣。沐浴在人們因?yàn)槟銓⒔邮苋绱司薮蟮目简?yàn)而投來(lái)的崇拜眼神中的感覺(jué)相當(dāng)好。
It feels like you're already on the Trail.
那種感覺(jué)就像是你已經(jīng)在路上了一樣。
It also means you're less likely to actually be on the Trail someday, because "when other people take notice of an individual's identity-related behavioral intention, this gives the individual a premature sense of possessing the aspired-to identity."
那也意味著你不太可能在某天真的踏上這段旅程了，因?yàn)椤爱?dāng)人們注意到個(gè)人與認(rèn)同相關(guān)的行為意圖，這將給這個(gè)個(gè)體一種已經(jīng)擁有這種期望意圖的假象”。
In short, you already got a kick out of people thinking of you as a Trail hiker... so now you're less motivated to actually be a Trail hiker.
簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)，你已經(jīng)從被看作一個(gè)長(zhǎng)途旅行者中獲得了極大的快感……因此你真的去做一個(gè)長(zhǎng)途旅行者的動(dòng)力就削弱了。
Sounds counterintuitive, right? Aren't we supposed to share our intentions so other people can help support and motivate us?
聽(tīng)上去有些違反直覺(jué)，對(duì)吧？難道我們不應(yīng)該分享我們的想法，以便于別人能更好地給我們提供幫助和激勵(lì)嗎？
According to NYU psychologist Peter Gollwitzer, that's not the case.
根據(jù)紐約大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家Peter Gollwitzer的觀點(diǎn)，事實(shí)并非如此。
Gollwitzer thinks the issue lies in our sense of identity. Each of us wants to be certain things, and we naturally declare those intentions, even if we have not yet become those things. (Check out Twitter profiles bios if you don't believe me--tons of people are motivated, innovative, creative, passionate, and unique gurus, ninjas, and connoisseurs.)
Gollwitzer認(rèn)為問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵在于我們的認(rèn)同感。我們每個(gè)人都對(duì)自己有某種期望，我們自然地會(huì)向別人說(shuō)出我們的想法，即使我們還沒(méi)有做到。（你要是不相信我就去看看Twitter上的那些個(gè)人信息吧——一大堆的人號(hào)稱(chēng)自己目標(biāo)明確、有創(chuàng)新思想、創(chuàng)造力強(qiáng)、熱情十足或者是某方面的大師、忍者或者鑒賞家。）
Describing how I plan to run a marathon, and how I bought running shoes and joined a gym and created a training plan, certainly makes me feel good... but it also makes me feel like I'm already part of the way there even though I haven't trained at all.
描述我如何為跑馬拉松做準(zhǔn)備，如何買(mǎi)跑鞋、去健身房、制定訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃，這當(dāng)然會(huì)使我感覺(jué)良好……但那也會(huì)令我覺(jué)得我好像已經(jīng)快成功了，雖然事實(shí)上我根本沒(méi)開(kāi)始訓(xùn)練。
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